Demyelinating diseases are characterized by damage to myelin – the membrane that covers axons in the central and peripheral nervous systems. This membrane is very important for the human body, as it nourishes nerve endings and is responsible for the speed of impulse transmission from one axon to another.
Causes
Demyelinating processes in the body occur for many reasons. The most common are the effects of infections and viruses, as well as autoimmune-allergic reactions of the body. This type of disease can also be inherited.
Symptoms of Demyelinating Diseases
The following diseases are included in this group:
- Encephalitis
- Multiple sclerosis
- Krabbe disease
- Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease
- Polyradiculoneuritis and others.
The main symptoms of these diseases include impaired coordination of movement and instability while walking, burning sensations in the limbs, tremors, and a constant feeling of fatigue. In addition, there may also be behavioral and intellectual disturbances, and sometimes issues with toilet use and urinary incontinence are observed.
Diagnosis of Demyelinating Diseases in Israel
To prescribe treatment, doctors in Israel must conduct a detailed diagnosis of the problem and establish a diagnosis. One of the most common diagnostic methods is the electroencephalogram. To identify areas of damage, specialists perform magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Treatment of Demyelinating Diseases in Israel
Treatment of demyelinating diseases is a lengthy and complex process.
There are two types of methods for addressing the disease:
- Specific
- Pathogenetic.
The second method is the most commonly used. Nowadays, in Israel, plasmapheresis, corticosteroids, and cytostatics are used for treatment. In addition, the patient must fully contribute to their recovery; therefore, a diet, general massage, therapeutic exercise, and a proper sleep regimen are included in the necessary treatment methods.
Prevention of Demyelinating Diseases
To avoid demyelinating diseases, it is important to monitor one’s well-being and not to overexert oneself physically and mentally. Additionally, proper nutrition, the intake of vitamins and minerals, as well as regular physical activity will boost the immune system, which serves as a barrier to the development of infections and viruses within the body. A person will be healthy, and their immune system will protect against such diseases.