Perianal pain can occur due to certain pathologies affecting the area below the anorectal line, which is rich in nerve endings sending signals to the spinal cord.
Causes
An anal fissure is the most common cause of pain syndrome, diagnosed in 10 percent of patients who seek help. Causes of anal fissures may include: sphincter spasm, fibrosis, ischemia. For large fissures and those located on the lateral wall of the anal canal, it is necessary to rule out diseases such as AIDS and Crohn's disease.
Inflammation of the anal glands is referred to as paraproctitis. Their infection leads to abscesses. In this case, there is pulsating pain and fever. To identify the disease, an examination of the perianal area with possible anesthesia is required.
Cramp-like abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting – signs of the presence of fistulas in the rectum. The cause of fistula formation may be infections of the abdominal cavity.
The perineum is supplied with apocrine glands, which can become infected, leading to abscess formation (hidradenitis), from which pus is discharged. Natural rupture of abscesses can lead to fistulas. This condition is characterized by pain, as well as involvement of the axillary regions and nipples.
Ulcers of the rectum are most often of infectious origin. The causative agent may be the herpes virus or syphilis. Herpetic ulcers are particularly painful. Non-infectious ulcers may be caused by leukemic infiltrate or skin cancer.
Hemorrhoids are extremely painful, resulting from thrombosis of a hemorrhoidal node. External (prolapsed) nodes are painful because they are innervated by spinal nerves.
Proctological pain arises from spasms of the muscles supporting the anal canal. Such pain can be sudden and may disturb at night or in the morning, becoming more intense when sitting.
Anal itching is a very common condition. It is characterized by itching and burning in the perianal area.
Treatment of the aforementioned pathologies in Israel depends on the severity and causes that led to the disease. Most often, conservative methods are used, and in particularly severe cases, surgical treatment may be necessary.