Adrenal insufficiency is a life-threatening condition caused by a significant reduction or cessation of the functioning of the adrenal cortex and medulla.
Causes
Adrenal insufficiency occurs when approximately 90 percent of the tissue is damaged. Almost always, the cause is autoimmune changes in the cortical layer. More than half of patients with adrenal insufficiency have autoimmune damage to other organs. Additionally, a genetic disease that increases the concentration of fatty acids in the nervous system and adrenal glands can lead to their dystrophy. An adrenal infarction or HIV can also be a cause of the disease.
Symptoms of Adrenal Insufficiency
The leading symptom of insufficiency is hyperpigmentation of the skin and mucous membranes, the degree of which varies depending on the severity and duration of the disease. Palmar creases and genital areas may be affected by pigmentation. This condition may manifest as a sharp decrease in the patient's weight.
Diagnosis of Adrenal Insufficiency in Israel
Diagnosis in Israel begins with studying the medical history, patient complaints, and determining the causes of insufficiency. An ultrasound examination of the adrenal glands is then performed. Evidence of adrenal insufficiency of tuberculous genesis will be the presence of calcifications and tuberculous foci. If the insufficiency is of autoimmune nature, antibodies to adrenal antigens may be found in the blood. Additional studies for diagnosis may include MRI of the adrenal glands. A blood test may be conducted, as a decrease in cortisol concentration is registered in this condition.
Treatment of Adrenal Insufficiency in Israel
Endocrinology in Israel is equipped with effective methods for treating adrenal insufficiency. The treatment course is prescribed based on the causes of the disease. The goal of treatment is to eliminate the cause of the disease and hormonal deficiency. Elimination of the cause involves drug treatment for tuberculosis, bacterial diseases, and radiation therapy for tumors. For mild manifestations of the disease, cortisone and Cortef are prescribed. The success of therapy is determined by blood pressure indicators, reduction in pigmentation, increase in body weight, and improvement in overall condition.