Behçet's syndrome is a disease of unknown etiology that affects medium and large veins, complicated by erosive processes in the mucous membranes of the oral cavity and in the genital area, as well as the eyes. Many organs and joints may be involved in the disease.
Causes
Hereditary factors play a significant role in the development of the disease. Certain infections and toxic factors also have an influence. Autoimmune causes are not overlooked – antibodies to mucosal cells and immune system suppression are found in patients. Therefore, a combination of viral, bacterial, and toxic factors provoking the disease, along with subsequent autoimmune mechanisms, is usually considered as possible causes.
Symptoms of Behçet's Syndrome
The course of the disease is polysymptomatic, with the main signs being mucosal ulcerations and inflammatory processes in the organs of vision. Vesicles with cloudy fluid appear on the lips, tongue, and gums, which, upon rupture, form ulcers up to 20 mm in diameter. Stomatitis in Behçet's syndrome heals within a month, but relapses may occur within a year. Ulcers on the mucous membranes of the genital organs and mouth are painful and may merge to form continuous erosive areas. Eye inflammation usually develops after stomatitis and can affect the iris and eyeball. Patients complain of tearing, eye pain, blurred vision, and high sensitivity to light. Rashes, papules, and ulcers appear on the skin. The disease manifests in various neurological disorders.
Diagnosis of Behçet's Syndrome in Israel
Diagnosing Behçet's syndrome in Israel begins with studying the symptoms. The identification of three possible symptoms - arthritis, vasculitis, and genital lesions, in the presence of stomatitis allows for a diagnosis of Behçet's syndrome. Clinical and biochemical blood tests, as well as immunological tests, are mandatory. Instrumental examination methods include radiography, ultrasound of the joints, and arthroscopy.
Treatment of Behçet's Syndrome in Israel
Treatment of Behçet's syndrome in Israel involves comprehensive therapy using antiviral, antibacterial, and vitamin preparations. Treatment includes plasmapheresis and hemosorption. Symptomatic therapy may include mouth rinses, the use of heparinoid ointment, etc.
Prevention
Preventive measures have not been developed due to the incompletely understood mechanisms of disease development.