In candidiasis (thrush), the mucous membranes are affected by yeast-like fungi. In moderate amounts, these fungi are constantly present on the skin, in the mouth, and in the genitals. Their extensive development is regulated by the immune system. When immunity is weakened, the fungus begins to develop. Candidiasis can be oral or vaginal. The former is seen in children, while the latter occurs in women of various ages.
Causes
The development of the fungus can be initiated by various, sometimes even the most harmless factors – hypothermia, stressful situations, hormonal changes. A common cause of candidiasis is the use of antibiotics, which adversely affects not only the pathogenic flora but also the beneficial flora that prevents the fungi from multiplying. Additionally, diseases that lower immunity, such as HIV, sexually transmitted diseases, etc., can lead to the development of candidiasis. Various endocrine disorders may develop alongside candidiasis.
Symptoms of Candidiasis
Candidiasis in children is usually transmitted from the mother during childbirth. The mucous membrane of the mouth shows redness, as well as areas of curd-like plaque. Erosions are present under the plaque. In chronic thrush, the mucous membranes of the nose and esophagus are affected. In women, candidiasis affects the vagina. Characteristic symptoms of thrush include pain and burning during urination.
Among the complaints of female patients, the following can be noted:
- burning and itching in the genital area
- white discharge with a sour smell
- discomfort during sexual intercourse.
In men, thrush may manifest as swelling of the glans penis, curd-like plaque on it, and painful sensations during urination. Intestinal thrush often accompanies vaginal thrush and appears after taking antibiotics.
Diagnosis of Candidiasis in Israel
The main method for diagnosing candidiasis in Israel is taking a swab from the affected area. Microscopy of the swab, culture, and immunoassay are performed.
Treatment of Candidiasis in Israel
There are about eighty species of Candida fungi in nature. Approximately ten of them can cause candidiasis. Therefore, the basis of treatment in Israel is the correct selection of medications to avoid developing a resistant strain of the fungus after prolonged treatment. In cases of mild disease, the use of local agents will be sufficient.