Orchitis is inflammation of the testicular tissue.
Causes
First of all, orchitis is a complication following infectious diseases:
- Epidemic mumps;
- Influenza;
- Scarlet fever;
- Chickenpox;
- Brucellosis;
- Pneumonia.
In adults, orchitis manifests as a complication of urinary tract infections:
- Urethritis;
- Vesiculitis;
- Prostatitis;
- epididymitis;
- Chlamydia;
- Syphilis;
- Gonorrhea.
Several predisposing factors contribute to the development of orchitis:
- Sedentary lifestyle;
- Decreased immunity;
- Hypothermia.
Diagnosis of Orchitis in Israel
- The symptomatic manifestation of the disease begins with a sharp intoxication syndrome. The temperature rises to 38-39 degrees Celsius. Subsequently, the following symptoms appear:
- Pain in the testicle. It may radiate to the groin or lower back;
- Hyperemia of the scrotal skin. In a patient with orchitis, the scrotal skin reddens and shows local temperature elevation;
- Swelling of the scrotum. The folds flatten, and the surface becomes smooth, sometimes with a glossy sheen;
- The inflamed testicle is sharply enlarged and painful to touch.
This acute condition resolves on its own within 2-4 weeks. However, the inflammatory process may lead to suppuration of the testicle and subsequent abscess formation. This can result in infertility. The disease may also take on a chronic course. In this form, orchitis will manifest as persistent mild pain upon touching the testicle.
Establishing the etiology of the disease is necessary for conducting adequate and effective therapy. For this purpose, the patient must undergo a series of examinations at the Ichilov clinic:
- Complete blood count;
- Complete urinalysis;
- Bacteriological examination of urine;
- Urethral swab;
- Semen analysis;
- Ultrasound of the scrotum;
- Magnetic resonance imaging.
In addition to taking the medical history, detailed consultations with leading specialists in urology, andrology, and anesthesiology are conducted at the Ichilov clinic.
Treatment of Orchitis in Israel
Treatment is available through a conservative method. It involves a comprehensive approach:
- Antimicrobial therapy;
- Anti-inflammatory medications;
- Symptomatic therapy;
- Physical therapy.
In the case of complications during the course of orchitis, such as the development of a testicular abscess, surgical methods may be necessary:
The incision method is effective for timely diagnosis of small abscesses. Additionally, it helps reduce tension in the organ. For this purpose, the surgeon at the Ichilov clinic makes a series of small incisions, the depth of which does not exceed 5 mm;
Scrotal puncture. This reduces pressure in the scrotum, thereby alleviating pain. This method is not effective in the presence of extensive inflammation.
Partial removal of the testicle. This surgery will help preserve some functional capacity of the organ. Surgical intervention for the treatment of orchitis in Israel will be performed under local anesthesia. The surgeon will remove the part of the testicle affected by the inflammatory process;
Orchiectomy. This involves the complete removal of the testicle along with the epididymis. It is indicated in cases of severe purulent lesions. Under local anesthesia, the surgeon makes an incision 8-10 cm long on the anterior surface of the scrotum without opening the inguinal canal. The testicle is then removed along with the epididymis.