Pituitary adenoma is a benign tumor that develops from the cells of the anterior pituitary gland. It is responsible for hormone production, which is essential for the normal functioning of many body systems. Pituitary adenomas account for about 20 percent of all brain tumor cases. In Israel, surgical and endoscopic treatment of pituitary adenoma is performed.
Causes
This condition is not hereditary. In 25 percent of patients with endocrine neoplasia, there is a pituitary adenoma. Overall, the causes of adenoma development are not fully understood, but significant risk factors include the presence of infectious processes in the nervous system, head trauma, and various adverse effects during fetal development.
Symptoms of Pituitary Adenoma
Pituitary adenoma causes significant hormonal disturbances, which affect the functioning of the visual organs. Patients often report frequent headaches. Sometimes, bleeding into the adenoma may occur. Loss of peripheral vision is quite common due to pressure on the optic nerve. Complete loss of vision is possible with large adenomas (more than 1-2 cm). Patients frequently complain of double vision. In cases of apoplexy (bleeding), symptoms include nausea, vomiting, and headaches.
Diagnosis of Pituitary Adenoma in Israel
If there is a suspicion of a pituitary adenoma, hormonal and ophthalmological studies are conducted first in Israel. Blood and urine tests are also performed to detect hormones, which can help determine the type of existing tumor. The ophthalmological examination aims to assess visual acuity to determine the extent of impact on the optic nerve. Additionally, X-rays and MRI of the brain are performed.
Treatment of Pituitary Adenoma in Israel
Treatment of adenoma in Israel includes medication, radiation, and surgical therapy. The treatment option is chosen based on the type of tumor, stage, and its size. Surgical intervention is considered the most effective method. Tumor removal is performed through a frontal approach using optical instruments or resection. After surgery, radiation therapy sessions are additionally conducted. In the postoperative period, hormone therapy and restoration of electrolyte balance are carried out. Additional medication therapy aimed at reducing corticosteroid levels may also be performed.