Medulloblastoma is a malignant neoplasm that develops within the cerebellum of the brain. It affects children under the age of 15. It is the most malignant form of childhood brain tumors.
Causes
The true causes of medulloblastoma development in the body are currently unknown. However, scientists suggest that heredity may influence the development of malignant neoplasms. Other suspected causes include harmful environmental influences that may lead to the mutation of body cells.
Symptoms of Medulloblastoma
The disease has all the signs of a brain tumor – nausea and vomiting, severe headaches. Seizures, periodic fainting, vision deterioration, double vision syndrome, vestibular dysfunction, drowsiness, and behavioral changes are observed. Young children are prone to the accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid and increased intracranial pressure (hydrocephalus). Symptoms of the disease manifest gradually as the tumor grows.
Diagnosis of Medulloblastoma in Israel
To confirm the diagnosis of "medulloblastoma," and to study the neoplasm in detail, the extent of cancer cell spread, and the stage of disease development, the most effective research method used in Israel is magnetic resonance imaging with the use of a contrast agent. Computed tomography may also be applied.
Treatment of Medulloblastoma in Israel
Treatment of medulloblastoma is only combined. It is essential to eliminate the disease focus while preserving the neurological integrity of the brain. Modern microsurgical equipment is used in the radical tumor removal operation in Israel. After the operation, the patient is examined using MRI to ensure complete removal of cancer cells. If remnants of the tumor are found, a repeat operation is performed. In some cases, shunting may be required. The patient also undergoes radiation therapy to the tumor localization area or the entire central nervous system (depending on the stage of the disease). In late stages, polychemotherapy is used. In combination with polychemotherapy and radiation therapy, radiation doses may be reduced. Both chemotherapy and radiation therapy are indicated for children over three years old.
Prevention
Since the causes of medulloblastoma are not identified, there are no clear instructions on how to avoid this disease. It is important to consult a doctor at the first symptoms to receive the most effective treatment.