In children, brain tumors occur several times less frequently than in adults. The reason lies in disruptions during fetal development. However, there are other factors that may have a negative impact – these include viral infections and genetic mutations. Brain tumors in children have one particular feature – they are located along the midline of the brain.
Brain neoplasms can be benign or malignant. Benign tumors develop slowly, do not affect adjacent tissues, and do not metastasize. Radical removal guarantees complete recovery. However, a benign tumor may re-form if not completely removed or may transform into a malignant one. Malignant tumors develop quickly or even rapidly, affecting the soft connective tissues of the brain and metastasizing to various organs.
Common symptoms for any type of tumor are related to pressure on the brain and blood vessels, disrupting circulation. A child may experience dizziness and headaches, as well as nausea. Depending on the location of the disease, different brain cells are affected, which send impulses to different organs.
Disorders observed include:
- motor functions (this includes paralysis or weakness of voluntary movements)
- sensitive functions (absence of pain, temperature, touch sensations, inability to distinguish the location of limbs in space, etc.).
Cases of epilepsy, psychological disorders, hallucinations, and memory deterioration are quite common.
If parents notice even one symptom in their child, it is essential to immediately consult a specialist, as early detection of cancer and timely treatment will be key to the recovery of the young patient.
Brain tumors in children in Israel are treated comprehensively. The main method is surgical – the removal of the neoplasm. This is indicated for any type of tumor. The excision is performed in such a way as to preserve the blood vessels and the functional structure of the brain. If complete removal of the tumor is not possible, the child will be prescribed radiation therapy after the operation. Careful preparation is conducted for this procedure, and during irradiation, the child's head is fixed to ensure that the beam is directed to a precisely defined area. Additionally, chemotherapy is used – antitumor drugs in the form of tablets or injections.
The earlier a child with a brain tumor receives appropriate treatment, the better the outcome can be achieved, potentially leading to a complete cure.